Timelines
For each Period, we've taken the time to curate timelines with major events, historical connections (CCOT, causation, comparison) where relevant, important figures, and related vocaulary. Note that historical connections are written as questions you should be able to answer or explain. If you feel you have trouble, mark those questions for review. These tools could be used for connecting events in contextualization, connecting events/evidence in the LEQ, outside evidence in the DBQ, or specific answers on the SAQs, all of which are great strategies to ace the AP Exam
Red - Wars/Military Actions Yellow - Elections
Period 1: 1491-1607 and Period 2: 1607-1754
Key Concepts: Frontier of Exclusion vs Frontier of Inclusion, Colonial Governments, Compare and Contrast European Colonization, Regional Colonial Economies
| Year(s) | Event(s) | Historical Connections | People/Places | Relevant Vocab |
| 1492 | Columbus's first voyage, Columbian Exchange begins | Causation & Comparison: How did transfer of crops, disease, etc. affect Native and European lives? Compare these effects. | Triangular trade, Motivations for colonization | |
| 1503 | Enconmienda System established | Comparison: How did different Eurpean powers interact with Natives in the New World? Compare and contrast these interactions and their effects | Frontier of Exclusion, Spanish Colonization | |
| 1607 | England founds Jamestown colony 1612: Tobacco becomes cash crop 1619: House of Burgesses founded, first slaves brought to Virginia |
CCOT: What challenges did the Jamestown colonist overcome and how? How did these changes affect the society, economy, etc. ? | John Rolfe and John Smith | joint-stock companies, colonial government, slave codes |
| 1620 | Mayflower Compact estalishes self-government and Plymouth colony | Comparison: Compare and contrast the different settlers of the English colonies and their motivations for settlement | Puritan families | colonial government |
| 1635 | Dissenters establish Providence | Comparison: Compare and Contrast the religious views/tolerance of different English colonies | Roger Williams, Anne Hucthinson | |
| 1650-1653 | Navigation acts passed by England to enforce mercantilist policies in the colonies | CCOT: How did England's economic relationship with the colonies change overtime? | Mercantilism | |
| 1660 | Royal African Company chartered, slave trade begins | CCOT: How did slavery transform colonial economies? | Slave codes, British West Indies/Sugar Cane | |
| 1675-1678 | Metacom's War in New England | Comparison: Compare and contrast the success and methods of Native American Resistance | Metacom and Wampanoag Natives | frontier of exclusion |
| 1680 | Pueblo Revolt in Spanish colonies (Southwestern North America) | Comparison: Compare and contrast the success and methods of Native American Resistance | frontier of exclusion | |
| 1682 | Pennsylvania colony established | Comparison: Compare and contrast the different settlers of the English colonies and their motivations for settlement | William Penn | |
| 1730s and 40s | Great Awakening begins | CCOT: Explain the changes and continuities caused by the Great Awakening | George Whitefield, Jonathan Edwards | |
| 1739 | Stono Rebellion in Florida | Comparison: Compare and Contrast the success of various forms of African resistance to slavery | Slave codes |
Period 3: 1754-1800
Key Concepts: Salutary Neglect, American Revolution, Federalism vs Antifederalism, Developing American Culture, Political Parties
| Year(s) | Event(s) | Historical Connections | People/Places | Relevant Vocab |
| 1754-1763 | 7 Years' War (French and Indian War) shifts trade and political boundaries | Causation: Explain the causes and effects of the Seven Years’ War (French and Indian War) | Ohio River Valley, George Washington, Fort Duquesne | French and Indian War |
| 1754 | Albany Plan of Union | Comparison: Compare and contrast forms of colonial organization and government | Benjamin Franklin | Albany Plan of Union |
| 1763 | Proclamation of 1763 closed lands west of the Appalachian Mountains to colonists | Causation: How did British exercising authority/violating salutary neglect led to colonial resentment and revolution? CCOT: Describe the continuities and changes about the relationship between colonists and American Indians during the American Revolution |
Pontiac's Rebellion, Proclamation of 1763, salutary neglect | |
| 1764-1765 | Stamp Act leads to colonial opposition | Causation: How did British exercising authority/violating salutary neglect led to colonial resentment and revolution? | George Grenville, Patrick Henry, Samuel Adams | Stamp Act, Sons/Daughters of Liberty, House of Burgesses, salutary neglect, Virtual representation |
| 1765 | Quartering Act leads to intercolonial resistance | Causation: How did British exercising authority/violating salutary neglect led to colonial resentment and revolution? | George Grenville | Quartering Act, salutary neglect, Virtual representation |
| 1767 | Townshend Acts lead to colonial protests | Causation: How did British exercising authority/violating salutary neglect led to colonial resentment and revolution? | Charles Townshend, John Dickinson, Samuel Adams | Townshend Acts, Circular Letters, Letters from a Farmer in Pennsylvania, salutary neglect, Virtual representation |
| 1770 | Boycotts intensify in colonies Boston Massacre |
Comparison: Compare and contrast the success and failures of various forms of colonial resistance | Crispus Attucks | Boston Tea Party, Boston Massacre |
| 1772 | Massachusetts Committee of Correspondence created | Comparison: Compare and contrast forms of colonial organization and government | Samuel Adams | Committee of Correspondence |
| 1774 | Intolerable Acts passed First Continental Congress convenes |
Causation: How did British exercising authority/violating salutary neglect led to colonial resentment and revolution? | Patrick Henry, John Jay, John Adams, Samuel Adams, George Washington | Coercive Acts, Quebec Act, Virtual representation, salutary neglect, Patriots vs Loyalists |
| 1775 | British forces attack Lexington and Concord Second Continental Congress British victory at Battle of Bunker Hill |
Causation: How did British exercising authority/violating salutary neglect led to colonial resentment and revolution? | Paul Revere, William Dawes | Loyalists vs Patriots |
| 1776 | Common Sense published Declaration of Independence drafted British Forces retreat from Boston |
Causation: Explain different ways that the American Revolution affected society and the world. Causation: Explain the factors that resulted in the American success against Britain. |
Thomas Paine, Thomas Jefferson, George Washington | Enlightenment, rationalism, social contract |
| 1777 | Battle of Saratoga victory secures French Alliance Articles of Confederation drafted |
Causation: Explain the factors that resulted in the American success against Britain. Causation: Explain how during the American Revolution different forms of government arose and adjusted to the ideals and demands of the Revolution. |
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| 1783 | Treaty of Paris ends American Revolution | Causation: Explain the factors that resulted in the American success against Britain. | Battle of Yorktown | |
| 1785 | Northwest Ordinance establishes selling and surveying policy for western lands, 1787 addendum creates process of receiving statehood | Comparison: Compare and contrast the successes and failures of the Articles of Confederation | Land Ordinance of 1785, Northwest Ordinance of 1787 | |
| 1786-1787 | Shays's Rebellion spurs revision of Articles of Confederation | Causation: What events exposed the weaknesses of the Articles of Confederation? | Daniel Shays | Weaknesses of the Articles of Confederation, Shays's Rebellion |
| 1787 | Constiutional Convention meets to revise Articles of Confederation | Comparison: Compare and contrast the competing opinions about the role and structure of government after the American Revolution Causation: What events exposed the weaknesses of the Articles of Confederation? |
Virginia Plan, NJ Plan, Great Compromise, Three-fifths Compromise | |
| 1787-1788 | Federalist Papers published | Comparison: Compare and contrast the competing opinions about the role and structure of government after the American Revolution | John Adams, Alexander Hamilton, | |
| 1787-1790 | Ratification of Constitution | Comparison: Compare and contrast the competing opinions about the role and structure of government after the American Revolution | James Madison | Federalists vs Antifederalists, Judciary Act of 1789 |
| 1789-1791 | Ratification of Bill of Rights | Comparison: Compare and contrast the competing opinions about the role and structure of government after the American Revolution | James Madison | Federalists vs Antifederalists |
| 1791 | Hamilton releases "Report on the Subject of Manufactures" | Comparison: Compare and contrast the competing opinions about the role and structure of government after the American Revolution | Alexander Hamilton, Thomas Jefferson | Hamilton's Financial Plan, Federalists vs Antifederalists, national bank |
| 1793 | Washington issues Neutrality Proclamation, prohibiting America from providing support or war materials to warring nations | CCOT: How did the American Revolution affect foreign policy? | George Washington, Citizen Genêt | French Revolution, Washington's Farewell Address |
| 1794 | Whiskey Rebellion | Comparison: Compare and contrast the competing opinions about the role and structure of government after the American Revolution CCOT: How did the lives of Americans change as a result of the American Revolution? |
Alexander Hamilton, Thoma Jefferson | Hamilton's Financial Plan, excise tax, Whiskey Rebellion |
| 1795 | Jay Treaty and Pinckney Treaty ratified | CCOT: How did the American Revolution affect foreign policy? | John Jay | Jay Treaty, Pinckney Treaty |
| 1796 | Washington leaves office, Adams innaugurated | Comparison: Compare and contrast competing opinions about the role and structure of government after the American Revolution CCOT: How did the American Revolution affect foreign policy? |
George Washington, John Adams | Washington's Farewell Address |
| 1796 | Democratic-Republican party emerges | Comparison: Compare and contrast the competing opinions about the role and structure of government after the American Revolution | Thomas Jefferson, James Madison | Federalists vs Antifederalists, Democratic-Republicans |
| 1797 | XYZ Affair | CCOT: How did the American Revolution affect foreign policy? | John Adams | French Revolution, XYZ Affair |
| 1798 | Alien and Sedition Acts surpress dissent | Comparison: Compare and contrast competing opinions about the role and structure of government after the American Revolution CCOT: How did the American Revolution affect foreign policy? |
Federalists, Democratic-Republicans, Alien and Sedition Acts, Naturalization Act | |
| 1801 | Jefferson wins election of 1800 when House of Representatives breaks tie with Adams | Comparison: Compare and contrast competing opinions about the role and structure of government after the American Revolution | John Adams, Thomas Jefferson | Election of 1800 |
Period 4: 1800-1848
Key Concepts: War of 1812, Nationalism and Sectionalism, Market Revolution, Reformers, 2nd Party System
| Year(s) | Event(s) | Historical Connections | People/Places | Relevant Vocab |
| 1803 | Louisiana Purchase | Causation: Explain the causes and effects of policy debates in the early republic. CCOT: Explain how and why American foreign policy developed over time. Causation: Analyze how the Louisiana Purchase affected political parties and regional development. |
Thomas Jefferson | "strict interpretation", Louisiana Purchase |
| 1804-1806 | Corps of Discovery expedition | Causation: Analyze how the Louisiana Purchase affected political parties and regional development | Lewis and Clark, Sacagawea | |
| 1807 | Embargo Act limits foreign trade | CCOT: Explain how and why American foreign policy developed over time. | War of 1812, Non-Intercourse Act, Embargo Act, Treaty of Ghent | |
| 1812-1814 | War of 1812 | CCOT: Explain the causes and effects of the War of 1812 CCOT: Explain how and why American foreign policy developed over time. |
Treaty of Ghent, Embargo Act, Non-Intercourse Act, impressment | |
| 1814 | Hartford Convention | Causation: Explain the factors that led to the decline of the Federalist party | ||
| 1816 | Monroe (Democratic-Republican) elected to office | CCOT: How did the American economy develop after the War of 1812? CCOT: Explain how and why American foreign policy developed over time. |
James Monroe, John Quincy Adams | Era of Good Feelings, Monroe Doctrine |
| 1816 | Tariff of 1816 Henry Clay proposes American System |
Causation: Explain how different regional interests affected debates about the role of the federal government in the early republic. | Henry Clay | American System, Second Bank of the United States, |
| 1819 | Panic of 1819 Adams-Onís Treaty |
CCOT: Explain how and why American foreign policy developed over time. | John Quincy Adams | National Bank, Monroe Doctrine |
| 1820 | Missouri Compromise | Causation: Explain how different regional interests affected debates about the role of the federal government in the early republic. | Henry Clay | Missouri Compromise, Tallmadge Amendment |
| 1824 | John Quincy Adams (Democratic-Republican) elected to office | Causation: What factors led Jackson to call Adams's victory in the presidential election of 1824 "corrupt"? | John Quincy Adams, Henry Clay | "corrupt bargain", Spoils System |
| 1825 | Erie Canal completed | Causation: How did technological advancements in transportation affect society and economic activities? | Erie Canal | |
| 1828 | Jackson elected | CCOT: Explain what brought about changes in democracy during this period, and identify the changes Causation: Explain the causes and effects of the expansion of participatory democracy |
Andrew Jackson | Jacksonian Democracy, Whig Party |
| 1830s-1840s | Growth of Northern aboltionist movement as slave population grows in South Gender norms reinforce domesticity for women Utopian communities established Industrialization and urbanization spread |
Causation: Explain how and why innovation in technology, agriculture, and commerce affected various segments of American society over time. CCOT: Explain how and why a new national culture developed from 1800 to 1848 Comparison: Explain reasons different reform efforts started and how the efforts developed differently from 1800 to 1848. |
William Llyoyd Garrison, Henry David Thoreau, Margaret Fuller | cotton gin, cult of domesticity, separate spheres, romanticism, transcendentalism |
| 1831 | Nat Turner's Rebellion The Liberator founded |
Comparison: Compare and contrast the effects of different forms of resistance from enslaved African Americans Comparison: Explain reasons different reform efforts started and how the efforts developed differently from 1800 to 1848. |
Nat Turner, William Lloyd Garrison | |
| 1832 | South Carolina approves Nullification Ordinance | Causation: Explain how different regional interests affected debates about the role of the federal government in the early republic. | John C Calhoun, Andrew Jackson | Tariff of Abominations (1828), states' rights, Force Bill |
| 1833 | American Anti-Slavery Society founded | Causation: What factors contributed to the antislavery movement in the North? | William Lloyd Garrison, Grimké sisters | underground railroad, |
| 1835-1842 | Second Seminole War | Comparison: How did various American Indian tribes resist removal during the nineteenth century? CCOT: Describe the continuities and changes of federal policies towards American Indians in the early 19th century |
Chief Osceola, Andrew Jackson | Indian Removal Act |
| 1837 | Panic of 1837 | Causation: How did clashing ideas of the government's economic role lead to economic instability and political conflict? | Roger Taney, Martin van Buren | Specie Circular, National Bank |
| 1838-1839 | Forced removal of American Indians on Trail of Tears | CCOT: Describe the continuities and changes of federal policies towards American Indians in the early 19th century | Andrew Jackson | Indian Removal Act, Worcester v GA |
| 1839 | Mutiny on the Amistad | Comparison: Compare and contrast the effects of different forms of resistance from enslaved African Americans | Amistad | |
| 1844 | First telegraph message sent | Causation: Explain how and why innovation in technology, agriculture, and commerce affected various segments of American society over time. | Samuel Morse | Market Revolution |
| 1848 | Free-Soil Party established Seneca Falls Convention |
Comparison: Explain reasons different reform efforts started and how the efforts developed differently from 1800 to 1848. | Elizabeth Cady Stanton, Grimké sisters, Lucretia Mott, Susan B. Anthony | Declaration of Sentiments |
Period 5: 1844-1877
Key Concepts: Sectionalism, Westward Expansion, Civil War, Reconstruction
| Year(s) | Event(s) | Historical Connections | People/Places | Relevant Vocab |
| 1846-1848 | Mexican-American War | Causation: Explain the factors that led to Westward Expansion CCOT: Describe changes and continuities about attitudes towards Manifest Destiny and expansionism |
Zachary Taylor | Manifest Destiny, expansionism, Treaty of Guadalupe Hidalgo |
| 1846 | Wilmot Proviso proposed | Comparison: Compare and contrast regional opinions about the expansion of slavery | Wilmot Proviso, Free Soil Party | |
| 1848 | California Gold Rush Taylor (Whig) elected |
Comparison: Compare and contrast different motivations for Westward Expansion CCOT: Describe political and social continuties and changes that resulted from Westward Expansion |
Manifest Destiny, boomtowns, Comstock lode | |
| 1850 | Compromise of 1850 | Comparison: Compare and contrast regional opinions about the expansion of slavery | Henry Clay, Stephen A Douglas | Fugitive Slave Act of 1850 |
| 1852 | Uncle Tom's Cabin published | Comparison: Compare and contrast regional opinions about the expansion of slavery | Harriet Beecher Stowe | sectionalism |
| 1854 | Republican Party established Kansas-Nebraska Act |
Causation: How did sectionalism and debates about expansion influence the development of political parties? | Stephen A Douglas, | Bleeding Kansas, Kansas-Nebraska Act, Republican Party |
| 1857 | Dred Scott ruling says African-Americans aren't citizens, bans Congress from excluding slavery in any territory, nullifies Missouri Compromise | Causation: Explain the political causes of sectionalism and partisanship | Judge Roger Taney | Dred Scott v Sandford |
| 1859 | John Brown's Raid on Harper's Ferry | Comparison: Compare and contrast regional opinions about the expansion of slavery Causation: How did Northern anti-slavery sentiments polarize regional and partisan conflicts? |
John Brown, Robert E Lee | Harper's Ferry |
| 1860 | Lincoln wins election
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Causation: How did attitudes about slavery, sectionalism, and expansionnism influence the development of political parties? | Abraham Lincoln, John Breckenridge, Stephen A Douglas, John Bell | Know-Nothing Party, Republican Party |
| 1860-1865 | Civil War
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Comparison: Compare and contrast the strategies, advantages, and disadvantages of the Union and Confederate armies. Evaluate the relative influence these factors had on the outcome of the war | Ulysses S Grant, William T Sherman, Robert E Lee, Abraham Lincoln | Emancipation Proclamation, Gettysburg Address, total war |
| 1865 | Lincoln assassinated 13th Amendment passed Ku Klux Klan founded Johnson becomes president |
CCOT: Describe continuties and changes brought about by Reconstruction | Reconstruction, Freedmen's Bureau | |
| 1867 | Johnson impeached | Causation: How did conflict between President Johnson and Radical Republicans influence Reconstruction? | Radical Republians, Edward Stanton | Tenure of Office Act |
| 1868 | 14th Amendment passed Dred Scott decision nullified |
CCOT: Describe continuties and changes brought about by Reconstruction | Reconstruction, Freedmen's Bureau | |
| 1869 | 15th Amendment passed | CCOT: Describe continuties and changes brought about by Reconstruction | Reconstruction, Freedmen's Bureau | |
| 1870 | Force Acts passed | Comparison: Compare and contrast Congressional and Presidential Reconstruction | Radical Republicans | |
| 1874 | Restrictions on former Confederate leaders lifted | Comparison: Compare and contrast Congressional and Presidential Reconstruction | Andrew Johnson | Lincoln's 10% Plan, Presidential Reconstruction |
| 1877 | Compromise of 1877 ends Reconstruction | Causation: What led to the shift in Congressional power from Radical Republicans to Southern Democrats? | Rutherford B Hayes | Compromise of 1877 |
Period 6: 1865-1898
Key Concepts: Manifest Destiny, Industrialization, Immigration, Gilded Age & Reform
| Year(s) | Event(s) | Historical Connections | People/Places | Relevant Vocab |
| 1866 | Transatlantic telegraph cable connects US and Europe | Causation: Explain the effects of technological advances in the development of the United States over time. | Samuel Morse | |
| 1867 | Treaty of Medicine Lodge | Causation: How did Westward Expansionn exacerbate conflicts with American Indians? | Treaty of Fort Laramie, Treaty of Medicine Lodge | |
| 1869 | Central Pacific and Union Pacific rail companies meet in Utah Knights of Labor founded |
Causation: Explain the effects of technological advances in the development of the United States over time. Causation: Explain the causes and effects of the settlement of the West from 1877 to 1898. CCOT: Explain the socioeconomic continuities and changes associated with the growth of industrial capitalism from 1865 to 1898. |
Terence V Powderly | Transcontinental Railroad, Homestead Act, collective bargaining, Haymarket Riot |
| 1870s | Gold discovered in Black Hills | Causation: Explain the causes and effects of the settlement of the West from 1877 to 1898. | Comstock Lode, boomtowns | |
| 1870 | Standard Oil Company founded | CCOT: Explain the socioeconomic continuities and changes associated with the growth of industrial capitalism from 1865 to 1898. | John D Rockefeller | horizontal integration, monopoly, corporation, holding company, trust |
| 1874 | Henry Grady calls for "New South" in the Atlanta Constitution | CCOT: Explain how various factors contributed to continuity and change in the “New South” from 1877 to 1898. Comparison: Explain how different reform movements responded to the rise of industrial capitalism in the Gilded Age. |
Henry Grady | "New South" |
| 1876 | Battle of Little Bighorn | Comparison: Compare and contrast the success of different forms of American Indian resistance on the Great Plains | Lakota Sioux, George Armstrong Custer | buffalo soldiers |
| 1882 | Chinese Exclusion Act passed | CCOT: Explain the various responses to immigration in the period over time. | Chinese Exclusion Act | |
| 1883 | Passage of Pendleton Civil Service Act | Comparison: Explain how different reform movements responded to the rise of industrial capitalism in the Gilded Age. | Tammany Hall | political machine |
| 1886 | American Federation of Labor founded | Comparison: What were the primary differences between the Knights of Labor and the American Federation of Labor? | Samuel Gompers | collective bargaining |
| 1887 | Dawes Act Interstate Commerce Act |
Causation: How did conceptions of white supremacy shape American Indian policies in the late nineteenth century? CCOT: Explain the continuities and changes in the role of the government in the U.S. economy. |
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| 1890 | Sherman Antitrust Act NAWSA formed |
CCOT: Explain the continuities and changes in the role of the government in the U.S. economy. Comparison: Explain how different reform movements responded to the rise of industrial capitalism in the Gilded Age. |
Susan B Anthony, Elizabeth Cady Stanton | NAWSA |
| 1890s | Frontier Thesis proposed | Causation: Explain the causes and effects of the settlement of the West from 1877 to 1898. | Frederick Jackson Turner | frontier thesis, Manifest Destiny |
| 1892 | National Farmers' Alliance becomes Populist parties | Comparison: Explain the similarities and differences between the political parties during the Gilded Age. Comparison: Compare the goals and successes of the Populist party. |
Thomas Watson | Omaha Platform, Grange Movement |
| 1892 | Cleveland wins election of 1892 | Comparison: Explain the similarities and differences between the political parties during the Gilded Age. | Grover Cleveland, James B. Weaver, Benjamin Harrison | |
| 1893-1897 | Depression of 1893 | Causation: What were the causes and effects of the Depression of 1893? | Sherman Silver Purchase Act | |
| 1894 | Coxey's Army marches on Washingoton | Comparison: Compare the goals and successes of the Populist party. | Jacob Coxey | |
| 1895 | United States vs EC Knight Company | CCOT: Explain the continuities and changes in the role of the government in the U.S. economy. | ||
| 1896 | Plessy v Ferguson upholds "separate but equal" doctrine | CCOT: Describe changes and continuities in the lives of African-Americans during the Gilded Age | WEB DuBois, Booker T Washington, Ida B Wells | Atlanta Compromise, Talented Tenth, Exodusters |
| 1896 | William McKinley wins election with Democratic and Populist support | Causation: What were the short- and long-term consequences of the election of 1896? | William McKinley, William Jennings Bryan |
Period 7A: 1898-1929
Key Concepts: Progressivism, Imperialism, WW1, Roaring 20s, Harlem Renaissance
| Year(s) | Event(s) | Historical Connections | People/Places | Relevant Vocab |
| 1898 | Spanish-American War | Causation: What were the motivations for American imperialism? Causation: Explain the causes and effects of the Spanish-American War. Causation: Explain the effects of the Spanish-American War on American foreign policy. |
Emilio Aguinaldo, The Philippines | Insular Cases, Platt Amendment, yellow journalism |
| 1901 | McKinley assassinated, Roosevelt takes office | Comparison: Compare and contrast the imperialist policies of the Progressive presidents (McKinley, Roosevelt, Taft, Wilson) | "Square Deal" | |
| 1903 | Department of Labor and Commerce established | CCOT: What were the successes and failures of the Progressive movement? | ||
| 1904 | Roosevelt Corollary extends US sphere of influence | Comparison: Compare and contrast the imperialist policies of the Progressive presidents (McKinley, Roosevelt, Taft, Wilson) | Teddy Roosevelt | Roosevelt Corollary |
| 1906 | Pure Food and Drug Act Hepburn Act Meat Inspection Act |
Causation: What influence did muckrakers have on the Progressive movement? | Upton Sinclair | The Jungle, muckrakers |
| 1909 | Taft takes office | Comparison: Compare and contrast the imperialist policies of the Progressive presidents (McKinley, Roosevelt, Taft, Wilson) | Dollar Diplomacy | |
| 1911 | Triangle Shirtwaist fire inspires government regulation | Causation: What factors inspired the Progressive movement? | ||
| 1912 | Woodrow Wilson takes office | Comparison: Compare and contrast the imperialist policies of the Progressive presidents (McKinley, Roosevelt, Taft, Wilson) | New Freedom, Moral Diplomacy | |
| 1913 | 16th Amendment introduces graduated income tax 17th Amendment establishes election of senators by popular vote Federal Reserve established |
CCOT: What were the successes and failures of the Progressive movement? | ||
| 1914 | Federal Trade Commission established Clayton Antitrust Act passed |
Comparison: Compare the goals and effects of the Progressive reform movement. | Federal Trade Commission, Clayton Antitrust Act | |
| 1915 | Sinking of Lusitania | Causation: Explain the causes and consequences of U.S. involvement in World War I. | ||
| 1917 | Wilson asks Congress for declaration of war Series of immigration restrictions |
Causation: Explain the causes and consequences of U.S. involvement in World War I. | ||
| 1917-1945 | Great Migration | CCOT: How did mobilization for war impact minorities in America? Causation: Explain the causes and effects of international and internal migration patterns over time. |
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| 1918 | Armistice ends WW1 Influenza Epidemic |
Causation: Explain the causes and consequences of U.S. involvement in World War I. | ||
| 1919 | Treaty of Versailles establishes League of Nations Red Scare escalates Eighteenth Amendment prohibits alcohol sale and consumption |
Comparison: Explain the arguments for and against the ratification of the Treaty of Versailles | Woodrow Wilson | 14 Points, League of Nations, self-determination |
| 1920 | American Civil Liberties Union Saco and Vinzetti case 19th Amendment grants female suffrage |
Causation: What factors inspired the Progressive movement? CCOT: Describe the changes and continuities of attitudes towards immigration after WW1. Comparison: Compare the goals and effects of the Progressive reform movement. |
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| 1924 | Indian Citizenship Act and National Origins Act passed | CCOT: Describe the changes and continuities of attitudes towards immigration after WW1. | nativism, Indian Citizenship Act, National Origins Act | |
| 1925 | 5 states ban the teaching of evolution in public school sin colleges | CCOT: Describe the changes and continuities in American society and culture during the 1920s. | Clarence Darrow, William Jennings Bryan | Scopes Monkey Trial |
| 1928 | Herbert Hoover elected to office | Comparison: Compare the goals and successes of Hoover's response to the Great Depression | Herbert Hoover, Alfred E Smith |
Period 7B: 1929-1945
Key Concepts: Great Depression, New Deal, WW2
| Year(s) | Event(s) | Historical Connections | People/Places | Relevant Vocab |
| 1929 | Stock Market crashes on Black Tuesday Agricultural Makreting Act passed |
Causation: Explain the major causes and effects of the Great Depression CCOT: How did the actions of the Hoover administration and Congress change economic conditions during the Great Depression? |
Herbert Hoover | Agricultural Marketing Act, |
| 1930 | Hawley-Smoot Tariff passed | CCOT: How did the actions of the Hoover administration and Congress change economic conditions during the Great Depression? | Hawley-Smoot Tariff | |
| 1932 | Reconstruction Finance Corporation established | CCOT: How did the actions of the Hoover administration and Congress change economic conditions during the Great Depression? | Herbert Hoover | |
| 1932 | Franklin D. Roosevelt elected | Comparison: Compare and contrast the arguments for and against New Deal programs. Comparison: Compare Hoover's and Roosevelt's responses to the Great Depression |
Herbert Hoover, Franklin D. Roosevelt | New Deal |
| 1933 | Agricultural Adjustment Act and Tennessee Valley Authority established, National Recovery Administration and Glass-Steagall Act | CCOT: How did the New Deal reform society and the economy? CCOT: How did the New Deal change the government's role in the economy? |
FDR | FDIC, NRA, AAA, TVA, New Deal |
| 1934 | American Liberty League launches in opposition to New Deal | Comparison: Compare and contrast the arguments for and against New Deal programs. | Charles Coughlin, Francis Townsend, Huey Long | Demagogues, "Share the Wealth" |
| 1935 | WPA and Social Security established, NRA ruled unconstiutional | Comparison: Compare and contrast the arguments for and against New Deal programs. | Keynesian Economics | |
| 1939 | Hitler advances to the rest of Czechoslovakia and Poland, WW2 begins | CCOT: Describe the continuities and changes in American foreign policy leading up to WW2 | Adolf Hitler, Winston Churchill, Joseph Stalin, Franklin D. Roosevelt | Munich Accord, appeasement |
| 1941 | Germany and US in undeclared naval war Japanese attack on Pearl Harbor Creation of Fair Employment Practice Committee |
Causation: Describe the factors that led to US involvement in WW2 Causation: How did mobilization for war affect society on the homefront? |
Franklin D. Roosevelt, Winston Churchill, A. Phillip Randolph | Lend Lease Act, Atlantic Charter, War Powers Act, mobilization, Executive Order 8802, Rosie the Riveter, Double V Movement |
| 1942 | War Production Board and Japanese internment camps established | Causation: How did mobilization for war affect society on the homefront? | Executive Order 9066, Korematsu vs US | |
| 1944 | D-Day liberation of Paris | Causation: Explain the consequences of U.S. involvement in World War II. | Casablanca Conference, Tehran Conference | |
| 1945 | Bombing of Hiroshima and Nagasaki leads to Japanese surrender | Causation: Explain the consequences of U.S. involvement in World War II. | J. Robert Oppenheimer, Douglas MacArthur | Yalta Agreement, Manhattan Project, Island-hopping |
Period 8: 1945-1980
Key Concepts: Cold War, Civil Rights, Conformity and Counterculture, Media, Foreign Policy, Liberalism and Conservativism
| Year(s) | Event(s) | Historical Connections | People/Places | Relevant Vocab |
| 1946 | Baby and Child Care published | CCOT: Explain the continuities and changes of postwar society | Benjamin Spock | baby boom |
| 1947 | US provides military aid to Greece and Turkey Marshall Plan proposed Federal Employee Loyalty Program |
Causation: How did the Second Red Scare affect American foreign policy? | Truman, McCarthy | containment, Truman Doctrine, McCarthyism |
| 1948 | Truman orders desegregation of military Creation of Levittown |
CCOT: Describe the continuities and changes of American society after WW2 | baby boom, Sun Belt | |
| 1950-1953 | Korean War | Comparison: Compare and contrast Cold War policy in Asia with other regions | Douglas MacArthur | containment, Truman Doctrine, police action |
| 1952 | Eisenhower wins with Modern Republicanism platform | Comparison: Compare and contrast the domestic and foreign policies of various Presidents (Truman, Eisenhower, Kennedy, Johnson, Nixon, Carter, etc.) | John Dulles | Modern Republicanism, Brinksmanship, New Look |
| 1954 | Brown v Board overturns "separate but equal" | CCOT: Explain how and why the civil rights movements developed and expanded. | Earl Warren | Warren Court, Southern Manifesto |
| 1957 | SCLC formed, Little Rock Integration Crisis | CCOT: Explain how and why the civil rights movements developed and expanded. | Martin Luther King, Rosa Parks, SCLC, CORE | SCLC, Montgomery Bus Boycott, NAACP |
| 1960 | Kennedy wins election, Eisenhower had low approval due to recession and arms race | Comparison: Compare and contrast the domestic and foreign policies of various Presidents (Truman, Eisenhower, Kennedy, Johnson, Nixon, Carter, etc.) | John F Kennedy, Richard Nixon | New Frontier, Flexible Response |
| 1960 | OPEC forms | CCOT: Describe the continuities and changes of US relations in the Middle East | OPEC, Eisenhower Doctrine, covert action | |
| 1960s | Sit-in Movements among African Americans | CCOT: Explain how and why the civil rights movements developed and expanded | SNCC, John Lewis | Greensboro sit-in |
| 1961 | Bay of Pigs Invasion fails | Comparison: Compare and contrast the domestic and foreign policies of various Presidents (Truman, Eisenhower, Kennedy, Johnson, Nixon, Carter, etc.) | Fidel Castro | containment, covert actions |
| 1962 | Cuban Missile Crisis | Comparison: Compare and contrast the domestic and foreign policies of various Presidents (Truman, Eisenhower, Kennedy, Johnson, Nixon, Carter, etc.) | John F Kennedy, Nikita Kruschev | Nuclear Test Ban Treaty |
| 1963 | March on Washington for Jobs and Freedom | Comparison: Compare and contrast the successes and failures of the 1960s Civil Rights Movement CCOT: Explain how and why the civil rights movements developed and expanded |
Martin Luther King, A. Phillip Randolph (connection) | "I Have a Dream" Speech |
| 1964 | Gulf of Tonkin Resolution grants president power to intervene in Vietnam Great Society program and War on Povery Begins Civil Rights Act ends discrimination in public accomodations Freedom Summer voter registration |
Comparison: Compare and contrast Johnson's successes and failures with foreign and domestic policy | Domino Theory, containment, Great Society | |
| 1964 | Johnson wins reelection by landslide | Comparison: Compare and contrast the domestic and foreign policies of various Presidents (Truman, Eisenhower, Kennedy, Johnson, Nixon, Carter, etc.) | Barry Goldwater | |
| 1965 | Medical Care Act Voting Rights Act Immigration and Nationality Act Johnson starts bombing campaign in Vietnam |
Comparison: Compare and contrast Johnson's successes and failures with foreign and domestic policy | escalation, Gulf of Tonkin Resolution, Domino Theory | |
| 1968 | Nixon wins election as "law and order" candidate | Causation: How did the events of the mid to late 1960s lead to the rise of the New Right/conservativism? | Richard Nixon, George Wallace, Hubert Humphrey | New Federalism, stagflation |
| 1968 | Tet Offensive My Lai Massacre |
Causation: How did American actions in Vietnam cause domestic conflict and unrest? | Tet Offensive, My Lai Massacre | |
| 1970 | US Invasion of Cambodia Kent State Massacre |
Causation: How did government actions in or about Vietnam shape public opinion? Causation: Explain the factors that led to Liberalism and the New Left |
counterculture, New Left, SDS | |
| 1971 | Pentagon Papers relased | CCOT: How did media (TV, radio, print) shape American politics and culture after WW2? CCOT: How and why did the public's trust in the government change overtime? |
Credibility Gap | |
| 1972 | Nixon wins reelection | Comparison: Compare and contrast the domestic and foreign policies of various Presidents (Truman, Eisenhower, Kennedy, Johnson, Nixon, Carter, etc.) | Henry Kissinger | Vietnamization, Detente, SALT 1 |
| 1973 | Paris Accords ends US involvement in Vietnam conflict | Causation: Explain the origins of the Vietnam War, the reasons for U.S. involvement, and the effects the war had on the United States. | Paris Accords, War Powers Act, Vietnamization | |
| 1973 | OPEC Oil Embargo | CCOT: Explain changes and continuities in the Anerican economy after WW2 | stagflation | |
| 1974 | Nixon resigns due to Watergate President Ford pardons Nixon |
CCOT: How and why did the public's trust in the government change overtime? | Warren Burger | Burger Court, Watergate Scandal |
| 1975 | Carter wins election | Comparison: Compare and contrast the domestic and foreign policies of various Presidents (Truman, Eisenhower, Kennedy, Johnson, Nixon, Carter, etc.) | ||
| 1975 | Fall of Saigon, South Vietnam surrenders to communism | Causation: Explain the origins of the Vietnam War, the reasons for U.S. involvement, and the effects the war had on the United States. | ||
| 1978 | Bakke ruling limits affirmative action Camp David Accords |
Comparison: Compare and contrast the successes and failures of Jimmy Carter's foreign policy | Alan Bakke, Jimmy Carter | affirmative action |
| 1979 | Iranian Hostage Crisis begins | Comparison: Compare and contrast the successes and failures of Jimmy Carter's foreign policy | Jimmy Carter, Ayatollah Khomeini |
Period 9: 1980-Present
Key Concepts: Reaganomics, Conservatism/New Right, Terrorism, Globalization, Post-Cold War Foreign Policy
| Year(s) | Event(s) | Historical Connections | People/Places | Relevant Vocab |
| 1980s | Rise of nuclear freeze movement | Causation: What factors led the Cold War to thaw during the late 1980s? | nuclear freeze movement | |
| 1980s-1990s | Immigration from Latin America and South & East Asia | CCOT: How did internal and external migration change in the late 20th and early 21st century? Comparison: Compare the immigration policies of presidents from the 1980s-2000s. |
Immigration Control and Reform Act, Deffered Action for Childhood Arrivals (DACA) | |
| 1980 | Reagan wins election on conservative, anticommunist platform | Causation: Analyze the effects that Reaganomics had on America’s society and economy during the 1980s. CCOT: To what extent did Reaganomics represent a change in federal economic policy in the U.S. since the 1950s? Causation: How did Reagan administration policies affect the relationship between the U.S. and the USSR? |
Ronald Reagan, Jimmy Carter | Reaganomics, New Right |
| 1981 | Economic Recovery Tax Act Air traffic controllers strike |
Causation: Analyze the effects that Reaganomics had on America’s society and economy during the 1980s. | Reganomics | |
| 1982 | Strategic Arms Limitation Talks begin Boland Amendment |
Causation: How did Reagan administration policies affect the relationship between the U.S. and the USSR? | Sandinistas, Contras | Boland Amendment, Iran-Contra Affair, Strategic Arms Limitation Talks |
| 1984 | Reagan wins reelection in landslide | Causation: Analyze the effects that Reaganomics had on America’s society and economy during the 1980s. CCOT: To what extent did Reaganomics represent a change in federal economic policy in the U.S. since the 1950s? Causation: How did Reagan administration policies affect the relationship between the U.S. and the USSR? |
Ronald Reagan, Walter Mondale, Geraldine Ferraro | |
| 1988 | George HW Bush becomes president | Comparison: How did President George H. W. Bush’s domestic policies differ from the economic and social policies of the Reagan administration? | George HW Bush, Michael Dukakis | |
| 1989 | Tiananmen Square Fall of Berlin Wall |
Causation: Explain the causes and effects of the end of the Cold War. | Deng Xiaoping | Tianenmen Square |
| 1991 | Operation Desert Storm, US pushes Iraq from Kuwait Collapse of the Soviet Union World Wide Web created |
CCOT: How did the end of the Cold War change America's role in global conflicts and diplomacy? Causation: Analyze the effects of new computer technology on America’s economy, workers, and culture during the 1990s. |
Bill Gates, Steve Jobs | Operation Desert Storm, Internet, World Wide Web |
| 1992 | Bill Clinton wins election, first Democratic president since Carter | CCOT:Evaluate the degree to which Clinton administration policies marked a dramatic change from the policies of conservatism in the 1980s. | George HW Bush, Bill Clinton, H Ross Perot | |
| 1993 | North American Free Trade Agreement ratified | CCOT: Explain both the positive and negative effects of globalization. | NAFTA | |
| 1994 | Contract with America announced | Causation: Explain the causes and effects of continuing debates about the role of the federal government. | Newt Gingrich | Contract with America |
| 2000 | George W Bush narrowly wins election, recount of Florida votes sent to the Supreme Court | CCOT: In what ways did George W. Bush’s version of “compassionate conservativism” differ from his father’s domestic policies, and in what ways did it show continuity with them? | Al Gore, George W Bush, Ralph Nader, Jeb Bush | "compassionate conservatism" |
| 2001 | 9/11 Attacks on the World Trade Center and Pentagon | CCOT: Evaluate the extent to which the Global War on Terror marked a shift in American foreign policy. | George W. Bush, Osama Bin Laden, al-Qaeda | Patriot Act, War on Terror, Department of Homeland Security |
| 2003 | War in Iraq | CCOT: Evaluate the extent to which the Global War on Terror marked a shift in American foreign policy. | George W. Bush | |
| 2008 | Great Reccession begins | Causation: What economic changes after 1988 contributed to the Great Recession? Causation: Explain the short and long-term effects of the Great Recession. |
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| 2008 | Barack Obama wins election, becomes first black president | CCOT: Analyze how Barack Obama’s victory in the election of 2008 reflected changes in American society and politics. | John McCain and Sarah Palin, Barack Obama and Joe Biden | |
| 2009 | Tea Party Movement begins | CCOT: Analyze how the rise of both the Tea Party and the Occupy Wall Street movements reflected changes in the American political system in the early twenty-first century. | Tea Party Movement | |
| 2011 | Occupy Wall Street Movement forms | CCOT: Analyze how the rise of both the Tea Party and the Occupy Wall Street movements reflected changes in the American political system in the early twenty-first century. | Occupy Wall Street Movement | |
| 2012 | Barack Obama wins reelection | CCOT: Analyze how Barack Obama’s victory in the election of 2008 reflected changes in American society and politics. | Barack Obama, Mitt Romney | |
| 2016 | Trump wins election | CCOT: Evaluate the extent to which President Donald Trump’s campaign platform illustrated change from conservative politics of the twentieth and early twenty-first centuries. Causation: What major factors shaped the outcome of the 2016 presidential election? |
Donald Trump, Hillary Clinton |